Style - Use Cohesion
What is Cohesion?
- Cohesion is about using English well (Style) to make your plan clear (Arrangement).
- Arrangement plans in any language: “Sentence 3: example =ペンギン”
- Style writes in English: “For instance, the emperor penguin…”
- Give example
- “A second example of this would be…”
- For example, X
- X, for example Y, Z
- An example of this is X
- X such as Y
- For instance, X
- As an example, X.
- One example of this is X
- Namely, X.
- Chiefly, X
- Reason, Cause, & Effect
- “This is because…”
- X, so Y
- Y because X
- X. Therefore Y.
- Disagree
- CLarification
- In other words
- Another way of understanding this is
- To put it differently
- To put it another way
- That is to say
- To repeat,
- Agree
- Summarise
- Introduce a number
- Around 10% of Y are Z.
- More than 7000 of Y are not Z.
- Less than five of those Y are Z.
- Approximately half Ys are Z.
- Up to one third of Y could be Z.
- Add more of the same
- Another reason X is
- In addition, X.
- Additionally, X
- Moreover, X.
- What is more, X.
- Furthermore, X.
- Another X is.
- Also, X
- Add a detail
- In fact,
- Specifically,
- To be specific, X.
- In particular, X
- Signal quote/research
- e.g. “According to”
- See Invention worksheets
- Signal Importance
- It is important to note that
- The key point is that
- It must be remembered that
- One point often forgotten is that
- Signal Doubt or disagreement
- While most sources think that
- There is insufficient research to
- Signal a Summary (Alternatives to “In summary”)
- To summarize
- To sum up
- In summary,
- In summary, we have learned that X
- In short
- In brief
- While it is true that A, it is also important to note that B.
Common mistakes
- DO NOT START A SENTENCE WITH THESE:
- cats, so
- cats, and
- cats, but
- cats, or
- Never do this:
cats. So
cats. And
cats. But
cats. Or
- Do not use in academic essays
- Unfortunately,
- Surprisingly,
- Only use when speaking
- All things considered,
- All in all,
- To recap