Use title case

Title case is when you give the important words in a title a capital letter (大文字)

Example of cases

• this sentence is all in lower case (小文字)
• THIS SENTENCE IS ALL IN UPPER CASE (大文字)
• This Sentence is in Title Case
• This sentence is in sentence case

Two Title Case. Two sentence case. Which is which?

• The Impact of Chocolate on Homework by University Students
• The impact of chocolate on homework by university students
• Reading all of Harry Potter Improves Your TOEIC Score.
• Reading all of Harry Potter improves your TOEIC score.

What are the rules?

Capitalize important words:

• (大文字) = Nouns, Verbs, Adjectives, Adverbs, and Long Words (>4 letters)
• (小文字) = and, or, not, but, a, an, the, as, at, by, for, in, of, on, to, if, do, will, do be, can, had etc.

Important! “No title case” doesn’t mean “ all lower case”

• Names, cities don’t change
  • e.g. Harry Potter and the philosopher’s stone
  • e.g. The impact of climate change on London
• First letter is still capital letters
• First letter after a colon: Also a capital
• Acronyms (TOEIC, UK, USA, UNESCO, UNICEF) don’t change

When do I use Title Case?

• The title of your essay (ABC)
• The title of your RR homework
• Subtitles in an essay
• In the references section
  • This is complicated
  • See Invention - References General Rules
  • But basically, only for Magazine, Newspaper, Website names (i.e. CONTAINERS of articles. Not for normal books or for article titles.